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Indecent act case against couple returns March 15

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BY ROMINAH FAKA

The case against a man and his wife accused of indecent acts has been adjourned for March 15.

The man is facing two counts of indecent acts while his wife is facing one count.

Case allegations say the man had shown his genitals to his two nieces, encouraged by his wife.

In the previous hearing court asked prosecution to clarify the charges since a set of charges was filed on November 17 last year, while another was filed on Nov 22, 2023.

Defence told court that the man pleaded not guilty to the charge filed on Nov 17, while the wife pleaded not guilty to the charge filed on Nov 22.

Prosecution did not turn up in court when the case was mentioned yesterday.

Therefore defence sought the court’s consideration to have the case re-allocated to another prosecutor since the male defendant was in custody.

Court suspended the matter to March 15 for Pre-Trial-Conference (PTC) and for possible fixing of trial date.

Remand for the husband was extended and bail for the wife was also extended.

Prosecution says the alleged victims are sisters aged 13 and 15 and the nieces of the wife (one of the defendants).

On April 16, 2023 in Honiara, the husband (one of the defendants) allegedly showed his private parts to the two alleged victims.

It is also alleged that the wife had encouraged her husband to commit this act.

The parents of the two alleged victims reported the matter to the police.

Emy Rusi of Public Solicitor Office represents the Defendants and Amanda Mono of Office of Public Prosecution appears for the Crown.

International women’s day 2024 – the enduring challenges of women in Solomon Islands

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The International Women’s day (IWD) marks a significant milestone in the global stage which celebrates and recognises the social, economic, cultural and political achievements of women around the world. The Origin of the International Women’s day dates back to the early 20th century labour movements and it was officially recognized by the United Nations (UN) in 1977.

This year’s International Women’s Day falls on March 8, 2024 which is celebrated globally, regionally and domestically within our shores. The theme for this year’s IWD “Invest in Women: Accelerate Progress” which highlights the need to invest more for women to achieve gender equality and progress in various fronts. Not to mention, in addressing the $360 billion deficit in gender-equality measures by 2030.

However, the focus of this article is to highlight some of the current challenges women and girls are still facing in their daily lives in Solomon Islands. We have heard a lot of achievements and progress with respect to women within our shores; however, let us not forget the continuous and unresolved challenges which our young women and mothers experienced.

Education: It is encouraging to see the growing number of women and girls being enrolled in education institutions to pursue their primary, secondary and tertiary level education. In addition, with the assistance of bilateral partners such as Australia, New Zealand, Japan and China lending their support through scholarships encourages more women gives an opportunity for women and girls in Solomon Islands to pursue their education domestically and internationally. However, there is still more work to be done, with the high rate of school fees across the country, more women and girls are left out from the education system making it an issue that needs continuous improvement. Solomon Islands National University is easing that issue by introducing New Fee Payment Policy earlier this year which is paving way for access to education for women.

Health: The health sector of the Solomon Islands is another issue of concern for women in which the leading cause of cancer death for women is cervical. The lack of readily available mammography equipment makes it challenging for early detection and effective diagnosis. This calls for comprehensive screening and treatment strategies such as a national cervical screening programme.

In addition, despite seeing improvements, the maternal mortality rate in the Solomon Islands still remains high. The high rate of maternal mortality rate highlights the dangers women are facing during childbirth within the Solomon Islands.

Moreover the unmet need for family planning is also another pressing issue which our women are currently facing in the country. A 2023 report by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) states that 23 percent of women in the Solomon Islands have an unmet need for family planning which often leads to avoidable pregnancies and also the risk for increased complications.

To add on, Gender based violence is still currently high in the Solomon Islands which women have experienced physical and or sexual violence from their intimate partner in their lifetime. As a result of such gender related incidence, women are severely affected both physically and mentally which further impacts their wellbeing. The number of high rape cases to women and young girls which we heard in the courtrooms outcries the vulnerability of our women and girls.

There are plenty more health-related issues affecting our women and girls, however, with some of the issues mentioned, more focus needs to be on heavy investments in healthcare infrastructure, education through means of awareness and community outreach programmes.

Politics: Whilst we have seen a growing number of women in Parliament and provincial assemblies, there still is a low representation of women within the political landscape in the Solomon Islands. This underrepresentation deems women voices in crucial decision making process.  Cultural barriers is another contributing to such situation, as deep rooted cultural norms tend to view leadership as a role for me discouraging women from entering into politics limiting their support from their respective communities. These ongoing challenges requires multifaceted solutions not limited to promotion of legal and policy frameworks to support equal opportunities for women participation in political processes, shifting of cultural attitudes through more awareness campaigns and community engagement initiatives and also to encourage political parties to adopt gender quotas to support women candidates

Economic empowerment: It is encouraging to see that women are actively taking part in the economic growth of Solomon Islands. There are a growing number of women also in our corporate sectors and various industries which paves a brighter future for women to undertake roles and responsibilities once performed by men only.

The recent PALM scheme had encouraged more women and girls to work overseas in various sectors which also indicated their contribution to the national economy of Solomon Islands through remittances which not only improves the national economy, but also their own livelihoods not limited to improving their standard of living only, but also for their families.

However, it seemed observable that more women are still under the informal sector which characterises an economy of low wages, limited job security and lack or no benefits.  Some have to go to the extent to have double jobs to sustain their living especially within Honiara to counter the high cost of living.

Moreover, cultural and legal barriers are some of the common factors which also hinder women’s access to land and financial resources which close opportunities for entrepreneurial endeavours for women.

The high unemployment rate in the Solomon Islands also left more women and girls from the formal sector which does not encourage economic contribution by women in the Solomon Islands. Therefore, more emphasis should be put into women’s access to financial resources which specifically target women-led business, also to invest heavily on skills development and training which is slowly growing in the country, addressing the gender bias within our institutions and leveraging technology and innovation for women.

Climate change: Women and girls in our rural communities across the country are now encountering some of the worse impacts of climate change within their respective communities. From increased food and water insecurity from the impact of logging activities, vulnerability to natural disaster and unequal access to resources, women are still finding it difficult to adapt or counter such situations which raise suggestions for women led initiative which focuses on climate-smart agriculture, water management and disaster preparedness.  Not to mention to bring a space for more women participation in decision making process related to climate change and investing in programs that empower women through education on climate resilient practices.

The inaccessibility of fresh water source for our rural women is also a pressing issue which adds on to the heavy burdens which our women and girls continuously face to walk longer distances to fetch fresh water for cooking and drinking.

Digital: The growing digital landscape also poses some challenges for women and girls in accessing and utilising technology effectively. Some of the current challenges we women still face are the limited access to technology due to high cost of devices, connectivity and data plans particularly for women in rural communities or low income households. This restricts their ability to utilize internet for education, communication, or economic activities. Not to mention the digital literacy gap hinders their ability to participate and engage in e-commerce and online learning. Online harassments, cyberbullying are to name a few of such of the issues our women also faced in the digital sphere.

Such issues within the digital sphere require solution as to bridging the affordability gap, promoting digital literacy and ensuring online safety through online safety measures and learning.

Investing in women is not just morally imperative, but strategically crucial. By addressing the existing challenges and fostering an enabling environment, Solomon Islands can truly accelerate progress towards a future where all individuals, regardless of gender, can thrive.

While progress is seen, numerous challenges persist for women in Solomon Islands, hindering their participation in various spheres. Investing in women through education, economic empowerment, political inclusion, climate-resilient solutions, and digital access is crucial to accelerate progress and unlock a brighter future for all in the Solomon Islands.

MPG eyes boosting trade and commerce in Auki

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Martin Fini.

BY SAMIE WAIKORI

THE Malaita provincial government is planning a greater commercial centre under its master development plan for Auki.

Provincial secretary Eric George said this part of the Malaita provincial government’s effort to encourage trade and investments in Auki and Malata province.

He said as part of a master development plan for Auki town, Malaita province will build a sea-wall from Kwaibala river mouth to Auki wharf.

Adding that along the seal-wall, jetties will provide access for fishermen to berth and transportation of other services to and from Auki town.

George said this plan also depends on cooperation from the landowners.

“We must work together to bring Auki town and Malaita province to greater heights,” he said.

George said the province has the plan and even can finance the plans, but cannot work without cooperation from landowning communities within Auki.

Caretaker premier of Malaita province, Martin Fini added that the initiative will bolster Malaitans to become self-reliant by engaging in trade and business opportunities to boost the local economy. 

Fini also said that the initiative is also to ensure a participative, sustainable, progressive and enjoyable Auki town for the five regional, social and economic corridors in the province.

UP launches campaign trail

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Peter Kenilorea Jnr

BY INDY MAEALASIA

THE Solomon Islands United Party (UP) officially launched its campaign yesterday with the introduction and commission of its candidates who would be contesting in the upcoming joint election.

The launching took place at the HCC outdoor courts, Chinatown and attracted a large number of the general public.

In his keynote address, wing leader Peter Kenilorea Jnr emphasised heavily on national unity in diversity.

 “The name of the party itself speaks that very cause for unity,” Kenilorea said 

“Unity in diversity is a core element of United Party’s manifesto and it is something we definitely need today even more so than before.”

Kenilorea stressed that United party understands that there is a need to strategically invest in areas that will help the country towards developing a “real national identity” while also preserving cultural identities. 

Deeming Solomon Islands as a modern nation blessed with a rich cultural diversity, Kenilorea emphasised that protecting its sovereignty is vital. 

“We need to protect our sovereignty by securing our borders, supporting law and order. These remain critical of any society if that society is to flourish and develop,” Kenilorea said.

“Indeed there can be no development without security as there can also be no security without development.”

Kenilorea made the assurance that the party will invest in sustainable development in the area of economy as the party believe that Solomon islanders should be the “primary beneficiaries of the development and utilisation of resources”.

The Wing leader also touched on investing significantly in the sustainable development of the health, education and the environment.

Kenilorea also announced that he is seeking a second term in parliament for the East Are Are seat.

PREMIER TABE OUSTED

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Outgoing premier Tabe. Photo supplied.

Choiseul province leader voted out in motion of no-confidence

BY MAVIS N PODOKOLO

CHOISEUL province premier Tongoua Tabe has been ousted by way of a motion of no-confidence.

The outgoing premier Tabe confirmed last night to this paper that he was removed yesterday afternoon.

“Yes, I had been removed this afternoon (yesterday) during the Motion of No Confidence (MoNC) because they have the number and representative democracy dictates that the group with the majority of the house has the confidence of House.

“It has nothing to do with their allegations because the second MoNC is just a repeat of the first MoNC which had been ruled out by the high court last month,” he said.

The motion was moved by the former deputy premier, MPA Harrison Pitakaka.

Reasons behind the motion include the following:

-Tabe’s tendency to make decisions himself. The mover of the motion claimed that Premier Tabe makes unilateral decision on significant executive matters which not discussed by the executive.

-Tabe’s failure to handover responsibilities during his absence in office. The mover claimed in the motion that on certain events when he (Premier) left for official or personal reasons he did not observe the protocol of handing over responsibilities to his deputy or any other appropriate person.

-Tabe’s unflinching stance against all extractive industries, including mining. The mover of the motion claimed Tabe did not consider the interest of the Choiseul provincial government or the people of Choiseul when he refused to engage in dialogue with interested foreign investors (mining and logging companies)

-He ignores the executive decisions to engage a legal practitioner to assist the government in updating and preparing governments ordinances and regulations.

Tabe said they all voted for the MoNC except the MPA for Katupika ward.

“I told my six members, let us vote for the motion so that we move to the next stage to avoid delaying time that may affect our budget and people. At the end of the day the majority will win.

“My strong stand against mining saw this MoNC to be honest as transpired yesterday during debate,” he said.

The motion was tabled around yesterday afternoon in the Choiseul Provincial chamber.

Nominations for a new premier are scheduled for Monday, March 11 and the election of a new premier is set for Tuesday, March 12.

Earlier this year, in January, Tabe had survived a first motion of no-confidence, which was moved by MPA Lincoln Galo.

The reasons for MPA Galo’s motion were the same as the one’s behind MPA Pitakaka’s motion yesterday.

Police remind voters ‘no illegal gathering’

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BY JENNIFER KUSAPA

THE Royal Solomon Islands Police Force has issued a warning to the public, particularly voters, urging them to avoid engaging in illegal gatherings.

RSIPF said all registered voters should reject any attempts by candidates or their representatives to sway their votes through promises of goods or other rewards.

Police are urging citizens to promptly report any instances where candidates attempt to bribe them for their votes.

The public is reminded of the importance of reporting anti-social behavior and criminal activities to the police. Cooperation with Police is crucial to ensuring the safety and well-being of the Solomon Islands community.

RSIPF also pledged their support to electoral officials and have committed to responding appropriately to any breaches of electoral laws, as well as reports of voter intimidation and threats to ballot security.

Therefore, Police are calling on all Solomon Islanders to take responsibility for ensuring that the 2024 National General Elections are conducted in a safe and peaceful manner.

Caretaker government accuses CARE coalition of being illegal ahead of elections

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The Office of the Prime Minister

BY IRWIN ANGIKI

The office of the Prime Minister has accused the CARE coalition of being illegal, ahead of the national general elections.

The Coalition for Accountability Reform and Empowerment (CARE) has brushed aside this claim as a non-issue, “one driven by a political agenda”.

Concerned public are also questioning why the Prime Minister’s office is interfering in the country’s political processes, contradicting Public Service rules.

The Ministry of the Public Service, on February 26 this year had issued a memo to public servants reminding them to “remain apolitical” during the election process.

On Monday this week, the press secretariat to the office of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (OPMC) issued an official statement titled ‘CARE Coalition Is Illegal’.

The statement alleged CARE was illegal because it had never registered under the Political Parties Integrity Act (PPIA).

Apparently, CARE had not lodged a notice with the Registrar of Political Parties when it was formed.

Commenting on the issue in the popular YTTF Facebook forum, local political commentator Andrew Muaki said there is nothing wrong with CARE, adding that the “PPIA did not take away the right of political parties to enter into agreement without registration prior to [National General Elections 2024] NGE24.

“It is utter misleading and a misrepresentation of the PPIA to claim that any coalition agreement between political parties must be registered with the [Political Party Integrity Commission] PPIC.

“[The] coalition agreement was formalised outside of the PPIA for the time being- nothing illegal about it.

“The parties preserved their rights to enter into another agreement after the NGE24. Perhaps that is when these two parties (maybe another one) may enter into a coalition agreement for the purposes of the PPIA in order to form a coalition government. Section 53 of the PPIA is quite clear on this point.”

Speaking to Island Sun last night, a CARE spokesperson said, “This issue that the OPMC is peddling is a non-issue.

“We understand that our political opponents are feeling the pressure of the election campaigns, and such things are bound to happen, which include a party trying to belittle and tarnish the name of a party whom they deem to be threatening their chances.”

The CARE spokesperson also questioned such political statements being made by a public office such as the OPMC, which is a breach of Public Service protocols in times of elections.

“It is surprising that this statement is coming from the OPMC, a public office, which has no mandate to interfere with the politics of an upcoming election.

“It would have made sense if the statement had come from another political party.

“Make it worse, the OPMC and all government ministries are in caretaker mode, making this political tampering by the OPMC more absurd.

“Public offices and officers should not abuse their official platforms to advance political agendas at this time.”

Mr Muaki touched on this in his YTTF commentary, “It is unfortunate that a government ministry (OPMC) has decided to venture into the political arena.

“This is a breach of Public Service rules and long standing protocols regarding the non-involvement of government ministries.”

The CARE coalition is between the Solomon Islands Democratic Party (SIDP) headed by former Opposition Leader, Matthew Wale, and the Democratic Alliance Party (DAP), led by former opposition MP, Rick Hou.

The two registered political parties, SIDP and DAP, coalited on February 6 this year.

Unofficial reports say CARE has since been joined by the Umi For Change (U4C) party. This was after CARE launched in Auki on February 23.

Meanwhile, the majority of the current caretaker government ministers are members of the Ownership, Unity and Responsibility (OUR) Party, whose wing leader is caretaker prime minister Manasseh Sogavare.

Yesterday (March 6), nominations for candidacy for both national and provincial elections closed, while the campaigning period which began when the nomination period opened on Wednesday, February 21, continues.

Solomon Islands goes to the polls on April 17 – the country’s first synchronised elections.

Police to provide court update on summons for defendants

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BY JENNIFER KUSAPA

The Police Prosecutor in carriage of the case against defendants charged in connection with an incident that occurred in the Longgu area in March 2023 has been requested to provide the court with an update on the status of summons issued to the defendants.

Yesterday, John Saugaro who appeared on behalf of the Police Prosecutions, did not have any update regarding the summons.

Saugaro explained that Prosecutor Moffat Tei was in carriage of the case and had not provided any updates on whether summons had been issued to the defendants.

Meanwhile, the Presiding Magistrate adjourned the case to March 11, and urged Mr. Tei to provide the court with the necessary information concerning the summons.

This case involves three individuals: Donald Beka, Junior Vao, and Daniel Osoa and they are facing charges related to property damage.

During a court circuit in Marau last year, the case was mentioned, but the defendants failed to appear. As a result of their non-appearance their case was transferred to the Central Magistrate Court for the issuance of summons.

2.8 PICK-UP 2024

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Solomon Islands’ slow economic growth to go up this year, says World Bank Report

BY NED GAGAHE

Solomon Islands is expecting a pick up in its slow economic growth by 2.8 percent, a new report by the World Bank says.

Solomons is amongst 11 countries in the region estimated to experience slow economic growth in 2024 and 2025.

The new report released by World Bank yesterday found growth in 2023 was “eased to an estimated 5.5 percent following a historically high expansion of 9.1 percent during 2022, the first year of recovery from the pandemic”.

The report “Pacific Economic Update – Back on Track? The Imperative to Invest in Education” was launched in Apia, Samoa.

It surveyed Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Palau, Marshall Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.

The report outlined the economic status of these countries, four years after the initial COVID-19 shock.

“Collectively, these countries are projected to expand 3.5% in 2024 and 3.3% in 2025, which would still be the fastest rates since 2017, excluding the pandemic bounce-back expansions in 2022 and 2023.

“Moderating growth across Pacific island countries in 2023 reflects the slowdown in still-resilient Fiji, which accounts for more than half of the group’s output.

“Fiji is estimated to have decelerated to 8% in 2023 after surging 20% in 2022. After having returned to pre-pandemic GDP levels in 2023, supported by the resurgence of tourism and robust consumption, Fiji’s growth is expected to normalize toward its long-term rate.

“In the rest of the region, a slight acceleration in growth is anticipated. However, the output is not expected to exceed its pre-pandemic GDP level until 2025.” World Bank said in a statement.

For Solomon Islands, being the second-largest economy in the group beside Fiji it is “estimated to have reversed a 4.1% contraction in 2022 with 1.9% growth last year, driven by hosting the Pacific Games and substantial investments in energy and transport. It is forecast to pick up to 2.8% in 2024.”

World Bank Senior Economist in the Pacific, Ekaterine Vashakmadze said, “Despite a commendable rebound in growth after lifting pandemic restrictions, growth among the PIC-11 countries will face challenges in achieving the full recovery of output growth to its pre-pandemic path,

“Fundamental reforms to invigorate investment growth can help improve medium-term growth prospects.”

According to the report Tourism and remittances-led countries, such as Samoa, Tonga, and Palau have experienced a notable rebound in growth after three consecutive years of contraction.

“This revival is attributed to a robust recovery in visitors, particularly from Australia and New Zealand. Countries [with income led] by sovereign revenue—Kiribati, Nauru, Tuvalu, FSM and Marshall Islands—experienced a relatively mild contraction in 2020 and are now experiencing positive, albeit moderate growth.

“The report underscores the significance of pending Compact Agreements between the United States and FSM, Marshall Islands, and Palau to achieve projected growth rates. If approved, these agreements could create substantial fiscal space, presenting an opportunity for more public investment initiatives.

“Short term risks to the outlook have been more balanced as commodity prices and inflation have eased.” The statement said.

Another World Bank Senior Economist, Reshika Singh however, adds that “risks remain as adverse shifts in the global economy, trade, and tourism may pose challenges to the economic prospects and poverty outcomes. Those could stem from an uncertain global environment, most notably, heightened geopolitical tensions,”

According to World Bank, investment in education is critical to address significant learning gaps and foster sustainable growth.

“A special focus chapter on developing human capital in the Pacific emphasizes that investment in education – through quality and well-resourced, evidence-based teacher training, and ensuring that children are taught in their first language – can deliver immense economic dividends for individuals, families, and society.

“In Tonga, for example, teacher training investments were found to increase students’ future incomes by more than $12 for every dollar spent.” The report said.

World Bank Lead Economist for Human Development in the Pacific, Lars M. Sondergaard said, “If Pacific children struggle to read proficiently by the end of primary school, they will face daunting hurdles to succeed in their further education. While the situation is improving, progress is slow. The most important asset that Pacific Island countries have is not their natural or physical resources, or their geographical location; it is their people.”

Remarkable experiences shared about Japan’s Ship for World Youth

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The youths share a group photo with Japan’s Ambassador Miwa Yoshiaki at the Mendana Hotel yesterday after a session of sharing their reflections of the SWY programme’s impact on their plans to service the country.

BY NED GAGAHE

TEN Solomon Islands youth who recently participated in the Ship for World Youth (SWY) programme in Japan have expressed joy and shared their remarkable experiences on how the programme has impacted their lives to return and make a difference in the country.

The delegation returned last month after spending a month-long life-changing experience joining other youths from 14 countries across the globe where they participated in various activities that involve multi-cultural and multi-national exchange opportunities to cultivate international awareness and leadership.

The event was organised by the Government of Japan that invites eligible Solomon Islanders from ages 18 to 30 to represent the country.

It aims to broaden the global view of youth and promote mutual understanding and friendship between participating countries.

It also aims to cultivate international cooperation and competence, to practice this cooperation at the international level, and to foster youths with the capability to show leadership in various areas of society.

David Junior Oeta is one of the lucky Solomon Islands delegates. He is currently pursuing his university law degree (Bachelor of Arts) at the University of the South Pacific (USP) Solomon Islands Campus.

“The SWY program was truly an exceptional experience for me, I feel very fortunate to part of this global SWY family.

“I now have amazing connections and friendships with the SWY network all over the world, and gained new memories and skills that will be priceless for me in my future endeavor, career, and life.

“The network and family we built on the program is something I am sure will continue influencing and enriching me for the rest of my life.” Oeta said.

“We are already getting started with our program activity planning. I’m looking forward to staying involved with SWY for many years to come.” Oeta told attendees of a lunch reception hosted by Japanese Embassy to welcome the participants at Mendana Hotel yesterday attended by Japanese Ambassador to Solomon Islands His Excellency Miwa Yoshiaki Miwa, Embassy officials and media.

He then thanked the Japanese Embassy and the Ambassador for the unique opportunity.

In his remarks Ambassador Miwa emphasized the important role the program has played in the reconstruction of the Japanese economy and society after the World War II drawing from the 1950s when the program was first initiated.

Director of Youth Division of the Ministry of Women, Youth and Family Affairs Andrea Tikopi said the ministry is very supportive of the Japanese tailored program on youth empowerment.

“We always stand ready to give our support in areas that nurtured our young people. I want to express my gratitude and welcome the delegates to embrace the exchange program.

“I know it’s a learning experience for most of you. I can see already how the future falls for these young leaders benefiting from this SWY program.” Tikopi said.

For Solomon Islands this is the 8th time that a delegation of young people was sent. The time was way back in 1994 where 12 youth participated at the SWY program.

“All together 90 Solomon Islands participated in the SWY.” Said Hudson Kalaeda one of the past recipients of the SWY program who now works at Japanese Embassy.

He also revealed that former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark was part of the SWY program in the past.

He adds that former member of Parliament for East Are’are Andrew Manepora’a is also one of the participants in the past.

“Many Solomon Islanders in the past who participated have gone to become leaders in the government, private sector and community.” Mr. Kalaeda said.

The SWY program is implemented with the aims to cultivate the global leaders of the next generation who can contribute to society where participating youth from all around the world gather and improve abilities to deal with different cultures and leadership skills through having discussions and cultural exchange.

In addition, it aims to establish global human network beyond national borders.

Solomon Island youths had participated in the previous Ship for World Youth Programs in Japan in 1994, 1998, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2018 and the recent one is 2023.

Meanwhile, the participants -David Oeta Junior, Patricia Joyce Suri, Frelin Houkeni, Harrison Soni, Haylinta Katovai, Ghandie Mavaemua, Edelah Leoa Animamu, Philip Feni, Lyndema Kotisaia Leovania, Elizabeth Gore were selected after being shortlisted and interviewed, based on their active engagements in various fields including communities, churches, sports, academic and voluntarism and professional work.